What are the photosensitive receptors in the retina responsible for sharp visual acuity and color perception called?

The receptors in the retina that are responsible for sharp visual acuity and color perception are known as cones. Cones are one of the two main types of photoreceptors found in the retina, the other being rods. They are concentrated in the central part of the retina, known as the fovea, where visual acuity is the highest. There are three types of cones, each sensitive to different wavelengths of light corresponding to red, green, and blue. This diversity of cones allows humans to perceive a wide range of colors.

In contrast, rods are primarily responsible for vision in low light conditions and do not contribute significantly to color vision or high-resolution detail. Photoreceptors is a broader term that encompasses both cones and rods, but does not specifically identify the capability of cones related to sharp vision and color. Ganglion cells, on the other hand, are neurons located in the retina that process visual information received from photoreceptors and transmit it to the brain but are not sensory receptors themselves.